El verbo "to have" en inglés

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El verbo to have(tener/haber) es uno de los verbos que más se usa en inglés y es un verbo irregular, así que es importante saber bien cómo se conjuga y cuándo se usa. En este artículo repasaremos algunas de las conjugaciones más comunes de to have, y veremos en qué contextos se usa. Let's have at it!(¡Empecemos!)

Conjugaciones del verbo "to have"

Primero lo primero: empezaremos con un breve repaso de las conjugaciones de algunos de los tiempos simples y compuestos que más se usan con to have.

Tiempos simples

En la tabla incluida a continuación encontrarás las conjugaciones para the present(el presente) y the past(el pretérito) de to have.

Sujeto	Present	Past
I	have	had
You	have	had
He/She/It	has	had
We	have	had
They	have	had

Present

I	have
You	have
He/She/It	has
We	have
They	have

Past

I	had
You	had
He/She/It	had
We	had
They	had

¿Quieres saber más sobre estos tiempos verbales? Consulta nuestros artículos sobre the present y the past en inglés.

Tiempos compuestos

En la tabla incluida a continuación encontrarás las conjugaciones para the simple future(el futuro simple), the informal future(el futuro perifrástico), the present continuous(el presente progresivo), the present perfect(el pretérito perfecto) y the conditional(el condicional) de to have.

Sujeto	Simple Future	Informal Future	Present Continuous	Present Perfect	Conditional
I	will have	am going to have	am having	have had	would have
You	will have	are going to have	are having	have had	would have
He/She/It	will have	is going to have	is having	has had	would have
We	will have	are going to have	are having	have had	would have
They	will have	are going to have	are having	have had	would have

Simple Future

I	will have
You	will have
He/She/It	will have
We	will have
They	will have

Informal Future

I	am going to have
You	are going to have
He/She/It	is going to have
We	are going to have
They	are going to have

Present Continuous

I	am having
You	are having
He/She/It	is having
We	are having
They	are having

Present Perfect

I	have had
You	have had
He/She/It	has had
We	have had
They	have had

Conditional

I	would have
You	would have
He/She/It	would have
We	would have
They	would have

¿Quieres saber más sobre estos tiempos verbales? Consulta nuestros artículos sobre the simple future, the informal future, the present continuous, the present perfect, the conditional en inglés.

Usos comunes de to have

To have se usa en muchos contextos en los que en español se usaría tener, haber e incluso dar. Veamos algunos de los contextos en los que se usa to have.

Las posesiones

Se usa to have para hablar de algo que uno posee, incluidos los hijos y las mascotas.

ejemplos
I have three dogs. Tengo tres perros.
My sister has two kids. Mi hermana tiene dos niños.
We have a new couch. Tenemos un sofá nuevo.

Los atributos físicos

To have se usa para hablar de los atributos físicos.

ejemplos
Mary and Sally have green eyes. Mary y Sally tienen los ojos verdes.
My sister has long hair. Mi hermana tiene el cabello largo.
Tom has a mustache and a tattoo of a bear. Tom tiene bigote y un tatuaje de un oso.

Citas

To have se usa para hablar de citas y obligaciones.

ejemplos
I have a doctor’s appointment Tuesday. Tengo cita con el doctor el martes.
She has class now. Tiene clase ahora.
We have a meeting at noon. Tenemos junta a mediodía.

Pedidos

Es muy común usar to have en el futuro para pedir en un restaurante.

ejemplos
I'll have a sandwich and a glass of water. Para mí, un sándwich y un vaso de agua.
She'll have a small salad. Para ella, una ensalada chica.
We'll have the soup of the day. Tráenos la sopa del día.

To have como verbo auxiliar

El verbo to have se usa como verbo auxiliar en los tiempos verbales perfectos, tales como los que se ven en la tabla.

Nota: La tabla muestra el verbo to have usado como verbo auxiliar con el verbo principal to go(ir).

Sujeto	Present Perfect	Past Perfect	Future Perfect
I	have gone	had gone	will have gone
You	have gone	had gone	will have gone
He/She/It	has gone	had gone	will have gone
We	have gone	had gone	will have gone
They	have gone	had gone	will have gone

Present Perfect

I	have gone
You	have gone
He/She/It	has gone
We	have gone
They	have gone

Past Perfect

I	had gone
You	had gone
He/She/It	had gone
We	had gone
They	had gone

Future Perfect

I	will have gone
You	will have gone
He/She/It	will have gone
We	will have gone
They	will have gone

Por ejemplo:

ejemplos
I have gone to that park. He ido a ese parque.
I had gone to his house many times. Había ido varias veces a su casa.
I will have gone to the bookstore several times when the semester ends. Habré ido varias veces a la librería cuando se acabe el semestre.

Contracciones

Es muy común usar contracciones con to have en inglés. A continuación se pueden ver las contracciones afirmativas de to have en present perfect.

Contracciones afirmativas con to have en present perfect

Contracción Afirmativa	Traducción
I've gone to that park.	He ido a ese parque.
You've read that book.	Has leído ese libro.
He's tried that soda.	Ha probado ese refresco.
We've been to that café.	Hemos ido a ese café.
They've stayed in that hotel.	Se han quedado en ese hotel.

Para aprender más sobre las contracciones con to have, consulta nuestros artículos sobre the present perfect y the past perfect en inglés.

¡Muy bien! Ya aprendiste mucho sobre el verbo to have, sus usos y sus conjugaciones. You have done a great job!(¡Has hecho un muy buen trabajo!)