Jorge no tenía una opinión al respecto. - Que se abstuviera de dar su opinión no quiere decir que no la tuviera.Jorge didn't have an opinion on this. - Just because he refrained from giving his opinion doesn't mean he didn't have one.
Carlota dice que, se abstuviera o no de comer pasteles, engordaría igual porque su metabolismo es muy lento.Carlota says that, whether she refrained from eating cakes or not, she'd still put on weight because her metabolism is very low.
Si la gente se abstuviera de acudir a lugares tan concurridos, el virus no se propagaría a tanta velocidad.If people refrained from going to such crowded places, the virus would not spread so quickly.
Me resultó extraño que se abstuviera Ricardo en las elecciones. Él siempre ha tenido ideas políticas muy bien definidas.I found it strange that Ricardo abstained in the election. He's always had very well-defined political ideas.
2.
Una palabra o frase que se usa para hablar de la segunda persona formal usted (p. ej. ¿Dónde está usted?).